Epistemological beliefs in child care: Implications for vocational education

Abstract

Background. The quality of child care is of social and economic significance
worldwide. The beliefs that child care workers hold about knowing and knowledge
(epistemological beliefs) influence the quality of their professional work. However,
attention to epistemological beliefs is rarely a focus in vocational education programmes.
Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the nature of child care students’
epistemological beliefs.
Sample(s). All first- and second-year students completing a Diploma of Children’s
Services at three separate training institutes in a large metropolitan area in Australia
were invited to participate in the study. There were 46 first- and 31 second-year
students (77 in total, 71 females).
Method. This study used semi-structured interviews based on a child care scenario
to enable students to articulate their epistemological beliefs. A descriptive-interpretative
approach in which interviews were analysed for patterns of meaning was used in the
content analysis. The categories, based on the work of Kuhn and Weinstock (2002),
included objectivism, subjectivism, and evaluativism. While this proved to be a useful
framework, the authors remained open to new categories emerging. This constituted
the interpretive component of the analysis. Therefore, the data were analysed using both
data-driven and theory-led approaches to analysis, which still made it possible to take
account of many viewpoints before arriving at the categories of beliefs. The categories
were audited by a second researcher to establish trustworthiness and credibility.
Results. The findings of this study revealed a range of epistemological beliefs;
however, a new way of thinking about evaluativistic beliefs called 'basic evaluativism'
emerged. This view of knowledge relates to the construction of evidence-based practice
rather than knowledge as is typically the case in evaluativistic beliefs.
Conclusions. Implications for the need to address epistemological beliefs in
vocational education programmes for child care workers are discussed.