International Study on the Impact of Copyright Law on Digital Preservation

Besek, June M. and LeFurgy, William and Muir, Adrienne and Atkinson, Benedict A. and Carroll, Emma F. and Coates, Jessica M. and Fitzgerald, Brian F. and Mossink, Wilma (2008) International Study on the Impact of Copyright Law on Digital Preservation. Technical Report, QUT Faculty of Law, The Library of Congress National Digital Information, Infrastructure and Preservation Program, The Joint Information Systems Committee, The Open Access to Knowledge (OAK) Law Project and The SURFfoundation.

Full text available as: PDF - Requires Adobe Acrobat Reader or other PDF viewer.

Abstract

This study focuses on the copyright and related laws of Australia, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States and the impact of those laws on digital preservation of copyrighted works. It also addresses proposals for legislative reform and efforts to develop non-legislative solutions to the challenges that copyright law presents for digital preservation.

Item Type:	Departmental Technical Report
Status:	Published
Keywords:	Digital Preservation Overview; Challenges that Copyright Laws Present for Digital Preservation; The International Legal Context for Digital Preservation; Roadmap to the Report; Australia; Major Digital Preservation Activities in Australia; Overview of Copyright; Related Rights and Legal Deposit Laws of Australia as Applied to Digital Preservation; Impact of Copyright and Related Laws on Digital Preservation Activities in Australia; Overview of Responses to the Issue of Copyright and Digital Preservation in Australia; Recommendations for Legal Reforms or Practical Solutions in Australia to Facilitate Digital Preservation; The Netherlands; Major Digital Preservation Activities in the Netherlands; Overview of Copyright; Related Rights and Legal Deposit Laws of the Netherlands as Applied to Digital Preservation; The Impact of Copyright and Related Laws on Digital Preservation Activities in the Netherlands; Overview of Responses to the Issue of Copyright and Digital Preservation in the Netherlands; Recommendations for Legal Reforms or Practical Solutions in the Netherlands to Facilitate Digital Preservation; United Kingdom; Major Digital Preservation Activities in the United Kingdom; Overview of Copyright; Related Rights and Legal Deposit Laws of the United Kingdom as Applied to Digital Preservation; The Impact of Copyright and Related Laws on Digital Preservation Activities in the United Kingdom; Overview of Responses to the Issue of Copyright and Digital Preservation in the United Kingdom ; Recommendations for Legal Reforms or Practical Solutions in the United Kingdom to Facilitate Digital Preservation; the United States; Major Digital Preservation Activities in the United States; Overview of Copyright; Related Rights and Legal Deposit Laws of the United States as Applied to Digital Preservation; The Impact of Copyright and Related Laws on Digital Preservation Activities in the United States; Overview of Responses to the Issue of Copyright and Digital Preservation in the United States; Recommendations for Legal Reforms or Practical Solutions in the United States to Facilitate Digital Preservation; cultural heritage institutions; preserve digital works and information; international laws and norms; copyright law and related rights; recommendations; disseminated to the public in digital form. Digitization; Internet; creative works in digital form; Digital information; born digital; obsolete formats and media; historically; scientifically and socially valuable materials; technical; financial and legal obstacles; law; migrating works; new technological formats and media; exclusive rights; reproduction right; libraries; archives; museums; migrate information content; new technology; floppy disk; server; integrity; reproduction; distribution; disseminating digital copies; public performance; display; user-generated content; digital archive; e-journals; The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works; governance; World Intellectual Property Organisation; WIPO; Copyright Treaty; WCT; Performances and Phonograms Treaty; WPPT; World Trade Organization; Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights; TRIPs; literary and artistic works; exclusive rights; adaptation; broadcasting; performers of phonograms; sound recordings; fixation; rental; fixed performances; limitations; exceptions; three-step test; Directive 2001/29/EC; European Parliament; harmonization; European Union; educational establishments; museums; National Library of Australia; NLA; PANDORA; Preserving and Accessing Networked Documentary Resources of Australia; web archiving; Australian Institution for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies; AIATSIS; Australian indigenous peoples; HTTrack; State Library of Tasmania; SLT; STORS; Stable Tasmanian Open Repository Service; Our Digital Island; NSW Powerhouse Museum; Electronic Resource Management Group; Digital holdings; Digital Asset Management system; National Archives of Australia; NAA; XENA; XML Electronic Normalising for Archives; Queensland University of Technology; QUT; Creative Commons; AESharenet; Copyright Act 1968 (Cth); crown copyright; moral rights; right of integrity; the right of attribution; right not to be falsely attributed; personal rights; Database Rights; exceptions to copyright infringement; general exceptions; statutory licences; user and purpose-specific exceptions; .fair dealing; research and study; criticism or review; reporting the news; parody or satire; judicial proceedings and legal advice; non-profit libraries; archives; museums; galleries; collections; non-profit institutions; universities and schools; Preservation Copies; Flexible Dealing Exception; Legal Deposit; websites; blogs; chatroom transcripts; webspace; Technological Protection Measures Provisions; TPMs; circumvention; CLRC; House of Representatives; Legal and Constitutional Affairs Committee’s; Inquiry into Technological Protection Measures Exceptions; commercial lifespan; intellectual property; artists; researchers; general public; government bodies; creative; educational; scientific; orphaned works; Copyright Amendment (Digital Agenda) Act 2000; fragile work; Fair Use Review 2005; Preserving Access to Digital Information; PADI; Australian Publishers’ Association; APA; Australasian Digital Recordkeeping Initiative; ADRI; Australian Libraries and Information Association; ALIA; Australian Partnership for Sustainable Repositories; APSR; Australian Research Repositories Online to the World; ARROW; QUT ePrints; Koninklijke Bibliotheek; Metamorfoze; Netherlands Coalition for Digital Preservation; NCDD; 3TU.Federation; Dutch Institute for Sound and Vision; Statistics Netherlands; CBS; Data Archiving and Networked Services; DANS; Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; KNAW; National Library of the Netherlands; the Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations; the National Archives of the Netherlands; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research; NWO; SURFfoundation; e-Depot; digital endurance; Beelden voor de Toekomst; Images for the Future; Stichting Nederlands Filmmuseum; Dutch Film museum; Nederlands Instituut voor Beeld en Geluid; Dutch Institute for Sound and Vision; Centrale Discotheek Rotterdam; Central Discotheque; Nationaal Archief; National Archives; Vereniging Openbare Bibliotheken; Dutch Public Libraries Association; Stichting Nederland Kennisland; Netherlands Knowledgeland; Databank of Digital Daily newspapers; Geheugen van Nederland; Memory of the Netherlands; Digitaal Erfgoed Nederland Digital Heritage Netherlands; DEN; Data Archiving and Networked Services; DANS; Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; KNAW; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research; NOW; Electronic Archiving System; EASY; DARIAH; Digital Research Infrastructure for the Arts and Humanities; Delft; Eindhoven; Twente; 3TU.Datacentre; technical-science heritage; Digital Accessibility of Archives Task Force; Taskforce Digitale Toegankelijkheid Archieven; Association for Records Management and Archives; DIVA; Dutch Digital Heritage Association; DEN; Short Title Catalogue of the Netherlands; STCN; Auteurswet; choreographic works; Dutch Copyright Act; economic rights; satellite; closed-circuit system; European Database Directive; European Court of Justice; reutilization; European E-commerce Directive; Neighbouring Rights Act; Directive 2001/29/EC; Dutch Library Forum; safekeeping of cultural and artistic copyright; Digital Preservation Exceptions; e-Depot of the National Library; Dutch Publishers Association; NUV; FOBID; Netherlands Library Forum; FJC; FOBID; Beelden voor de Toekomst; Images for the Future; Department of Trade and Industry; DTI; Department for Education and Skills; e-infrastructure; Joint Information Systems Committee; JISC; British Library; BL; National Preservation Office; NPO; Task Force on Digital Archiving Report; Digital Preservation Coalition; DPC; Research Information Network; Higher Education Funding Council for England; HEFCE; Shared Services; UK Higher Education; UK Web Archiving Consortium; UKWAC; LIFE; LIFE2; Lifecycle Information for E-literature; UK National Sound Archive; British Film Institute; BFI; National Archives; National Archives of Scotland; Public Record Office of Northern Ireland; datasets; Microsoft; Digital Continuity; Consortium of Research Libraries; CURL; LOCKSS; NESLI2; British Atmospheric Data Centre; Earth Observation Data Centre; Oceanographic Data Centre; National Environment Research Council; Science and Technology Facilities Council; UK Cluster Data Centre; Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre; Arts and Humanities Data Service; AHDS; Economic and Social Data Service; ESDS; deposit licence agreement; AHDS licence agreement; Digital Preservation Coalition; metadata; JISC/NESLI model; digital rights expression language; DREL; Wellcome Trust; Registry of Electronic Licences; RELI; Information Environment Metadata Schema Registry; IEMSR; PREMIS schema; University of London Computer Centre; ULCC; Safety Deposit Box; Flickr; MySpace; Facebook; Ourmedia; Technology and Standards Watch; Copyright Designs and Patents Act; restricted acts; The Copyright Designs and Patents Act; CDPA; Legal Deposit Libraries Act; Public Records Acts; Public Record Office of Northern Ireland; PRONI; Public Records (Scotland) Act; Public Registers and Records (Scotland) Act; Public Records Act; Public Records Act (Northern Ireland); Government of Wales Act; Local Government Act; Rights management; best practice; Gowers review; British Film Institute and The British Library National Sound Archive respectively. The British Library; British Phonographic Industry; Mechanical Copyright Protection Society; UK Intellectual Property Office; Department for Culture; Media and Sport; Legal Deposit Advisory Panel; LDAP; Legal Deposit Libraries Act; CEDARS; Digital Curation Centre; DCC; legal blog; blawg; Model NESLi2 Licence; Content Complete Ltd; Creative Archive Licence; Automated Content Access Protocol; ACAP; National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program; NDIIPP; Library of Congress; at-risk digital content; stewardship; geospatial information; web sites; audio visual productions; images; text; critical public policy issues; public health; medical preparedness; state and local digital publications; agency policy documents; technical infrastructure; preservation and access technical environments; University of California; California Digital Library; Web-at-Risk; University of Maryland; Robert H. Smith School of Business; Birth of the Dot Com Era; closed archive; restricted material; Educational Broadcasting Corporation; Preserving Digital Public Television; Washington State Archives; advanced digital archives framework; centralized repository; Web Capture; International Internet Preservation Consortium; National Audio-Visual Conservation Center; NAVCC; Packard Humanities Institute; Architect of the Capitol; National Agricultural Library; NAL; National Library of Medicine; NLM; Government Printing Office; Depository Library Program; FDsys; National Archives and Records Administration; NARA; National Science Foundation; NSF; Digital Archiving and Long-Term Preservation; Sustainable Digital Data Preservation and Access Network; DataNet; Association of Research Libraries; ARL; Coalition for Networked Information; CNI; ARL; EDUCAUSE; Center for Research Libraries; CRL; Andrew W. Mellon Foundation; Portico; JSTOR; ArtSTOR; Mellon Foundation; Global Digital Format Registry; Institute of Museum and Library Services; LOCKSS; Lots Of Copies Keep Stuff Safe; Online Computer Library Center; OCLC; Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios; Inc.; U.S. Supreme Court; Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios; Inc. v. Grokster; Visual Artists Rights Act; VARA; sui generis protection for databases; Feist Publications; Inc. v. Rural Telephone Service; Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting Co.; unpublished copyrighted work; Digital Millennium Copyright Act; Copyright Office; trafficking in circumvention devices and services; Three-copy limit; mandatory deposit; section 108; Section 108 Study Group; robust storage system; fragile originals; fragile copy; preservation-only; Trustworthy Repositories Audit & Certification; TRAC; PubMed Central; PMC; National Institutes of Health; NIH; JSTOR; Archive Capital Fee; Web Capture Project; Internet Archive; encryption;
Subjects:	390000 Law, Justice and Law Enforcement > 390100 Law 280000 Information, Computing and Communication Sciences > 280100 Information Systems 280000 Information, Computing and Communication Sciences > 280100 Information Systems > 280107 Global Information Systems 320000 Medical and Health Sciences > 321200 Public Health and Health Services 400000 Journalism, Librarianship and Curatorial Studies > 400300 Curatorial Studies > 400303 Materials Conservation 280000 Information, Computing and Communication Sciences > 280100 Information Systems > 280106 Interorganisational Information Systems 330000 Education 280000 Information, Computing and Communication Sciences 400000 Journalism, Librarianship and Curatorial Studies > 400300 Curatorial Studies > 400301 Museum Studies 390000 Law, Justice and Law Enforcement 320000 Medical and Health Sciences 280000 Information, Computing and Communication Sciences > 280100 Information Systems > 280104 Computer-Human Interaction 280000 Information, Computing and Communication Sciences > 289900 Other Information, Computing and Communication Sciences > 289999 Other Information, Computing and Communication Sciences 400000 Journalism, Librarianship and Curatorial Studies > 409900 Other Journalism, Librarianship and Curatorial Studies 390000 Law, Justice and Law Enforcement > 390100 Law > 390111 International Law 360000 Policy and Political Science 280000 Information, Computing and Communication Sciences > 280100 Information Systems > 280102 Information Systems Management 400000 Journalism, Librarianship and Curatorial Studies > 400200 Librarianship > 400201 Librarianship 400000 Journalism, Librarianship and Curatorial Studies 210000 Science - General 400000 Journalism, Librarianship and Curatorial Studies > 400100 Journalism, Communication and Media 280000 Information, Computing and Communication Sciences > 280100 Information Systems > 280108 Database Management 350000 Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services > 350200 Business and Management > 350211 Innovation and Technology Management 280000 Information, Computing and Communication Sciences > 280100 Information Systems > 280101 Information Systems Organisation 280000 Information, Computing and Communication Sciences > 289900 Other Information, Computing and Communication Sciences 220000 Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts - General 360000 Policy and Political Science > 360200 Policy and Administration 390000 Law, Justice and Law Enforcement > 390100 Law > 390114 Intellectual Property 280000 Information, Computing and Communication Sciences > 280100 Information Systems > 280103 Information Storage, Retrieval and Management 400000 Journalism, Librarianship and Curatorial Studies > 400300 Curatorial Studies 290000 Engineering and Technology > 291700 Communications Technologies 400000 Journalism, Librarianship and Curatorial Studies > 400200 Librarianship 350000 Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services 400000 Journalism, Librarianship and Curatorial Studies > 400300 Curatorial Studies > 400399 Curatorial Studies not elsewhere classified
ID Code:	14035
Deposited By:	Kiel-Chisholm, Scott
Deposited On:	14 July 2008
Copyright Owner:	Copyright 2008 The Library of Congress National Digital Information, Infrastructure and Preservation Program, The Joint Information Systems Committee, The Open Access to Knowledge (OAK) Law Project and The SURFfoundation.
Copyright Statement:	To the extent that the main body of this report is covered by copyright, it is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. You are free to copy, communicate and adapt this work, as long as you attribute the author organizations. To view a copy of this license go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Additional Information:	While the country reports are largely parallel, they are not entirely so, due to variations in the laws and practices relating to digital preservation in the participating countries. Also, each country report was created using the conventions for legal writing in the source country. Consequently there are differences among the reports in citation style, spelling, punctuation, etc. which have been retained for purposes of this report. To the extent that the main body of this report is covered by copyright, it is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. You are free to copy, communicate and adapt this work, as long as you attribute the author organizations. To view a copy of this license go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. To the extent that the Appendices are covered by copyright, they are subject to the law of their respective jurisdictions. Photo on cover: Digital Mercury by heyjoewhereyougoinwiththatguninyourhand available at http://www.flickr.com/photos/heyjoewhereyougoingwiththatguninyourhand/69725621/.