Developing connections amongst key cytokines and dysregulated germinal centers in autoimmunity
Description
Systemic autoimmunity owing to overactivity of Tfh and dysregulated germinal centers has been described in mice and humans. Cytokines such as IL-21, IFN-gamma, IL-6 and IL-17 are elevated in the plasma of mouse models of lupus, arthritis, and multiple sclerosis, and in subsets of patients with autoimmune disease. Monoclonal antibodies targeting these cytokines are entering clinical trials. While these cytokines exert pleiotropic effects on immune cells and organs, it is becoming clear that each and all of them can profoundly regulate Tfh numbers and/or function and induce or maintain the aberrant germinal center reactions that lead to pathogenic autoantibody formation. Here we review recent discoveries into the roles of IL-21, IFN-gamma, IL-6, and IL-17 in germinal center responses and antibody-driven autoimmunity. These new insights used in conjunction with biomarkers of an overactive Tfh pathway may help stratify patients to rationalize the use of emerging monoclonal anti-cytokine antibody therapies.
Impact and interest:
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ID Code: | 106832 | ||
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Item Type: | Contribution to Journal (Journal Article) | ||
Refereed: | Yes | ||
ORCID iD: |
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Measurements or Duration: | 7 pages | ||
Keywords: | Animals, Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology, Autoimmunity/*immunology, Cell Differentiation/immunology, Cytokines/*physiology, Germinal Center/*immunology, Helper-Inducer/immunology, Humans, Immunologic Factors/immunology, T-Lymphocytes | ||
DOI: | 10.1016/j.coi.2012.10.003 | ||
ISSN: | 0952-7915 | ||
Pure ID: | 32414734 | ||
Divisions: | Past > QUT Faculties & Divisions > Faculty of Health Past > Institutes > Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation Current > Schools > School of Biomedical Sciences |
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Copyright Owner: | Consult author(s) regarding copyright matters | ||
Copyright Statement: | This work is covered by copyright. Unless the document is being made available under a Creative Commons Licence, you must assume that re-use is limited to personal use and that permission from the copyright owner must be obtained for all other uses. If the document is available under a Creative Commons License (or other specified license) then refer to the Licence for details of permitted re-use. It is a condition of access that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. If you believe that this work infringes copyright please provide details by email to qut.copyright@qut.edu.au | ||
Deposited On: | 12 May 2017 00:11 | ||
Last Modified: | 01 Mar 2024 13:13 |
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