The social reproduction of difference: Mental illness and the intensive care environment

This paper critically explores the social world of intensive care units to consider how the presence of mental health consumer/survivors impacts on nursing practice. Following a series of interviews with intensive care nurses, our analysis suggested consumers are disenfranchised through stigma, policing, and inattention to psychosocial needs. We argue that the maintenance of knowledge and power networks within intensive care are fundamental aspects of reality maintenance in intensive care. The social reproduction of typifications among nurses about consumers positioned these patients as disrupting the proper business of intensive care units; a process that we argue is bound up with the imbalanced power relationships. Further, intensive care staff maintain power structures serving intensive care interests, such as physiological rescue and the preservation of biomedical authority. We argue that the production and reproduction of intensive care nursing knowledge maintains a social-power structure that is at odds with the needs of consumers. We conclude that the structural dominance of the biomedical model sustains conditions that disenfranchise consumers, solidifying their wider social position as ‘different’.