Cancer Incidence, Mortality, and Survival for Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults in Queensland Between 1987 and 2016
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Description
Purpose: Cancer remains the most common cause of disease-related death among young people and carries a significant burden. In the absence of prior state-based Australian epidemiological studies, this retrospective cohort study reviewed all cases of invasive cancer diagnosed in Queensland children, adolescents, and young adults (AYAs) (0-39 years) from 1987 to 2016 using the Queensland Oncology Repository (QOR).
Methods: Cancers were classified according to Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) AYA site recode. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) were calculated. JoinPoint regression examined trends in ASRs across three age cohorts, for three decades (1987-1996, 1997-2006, and 2007-2016).
Results: In total, 3,576 children aged 0-14 years (ASR = 15.2/100,000), 6,441 aged 15-24 years (ASR = 39.3/100,000), and 29,923 (ASR = 122.6/100,000) aged 25-39 years were diagnosed. Incidence increased for female children, and leukemia was the most common diagnosis. For those 15-24 years, incidence increased initially before decreasing and was higher than other nationally reported rates. For those 25-39 years, incidence increased. For the older cohorts, the most common diagnosis was melanoma. All cohorts demonstrated a decline in mortality and improvement in 5-year relative survival, with those 0-14 years demonstrating the greatest gains. The lowest survival for all cohorts was associated with central nervous system tumors.
Conclusion: These results highlight areas in need of further investigation to improve survival, reduce the burden of cancer for young people, and aid service delivery. Future studies should focus on cancer biology, early detection, barriers in access to clinical trials, innovative models of care, improved data collection, and patient-reported outcomes.
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ID Code: | 208385 | ||||
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Item Type: | Contribution to Journal (Journal Article) | ||||
Refereed: | Yes | ||||
ORCID iD: |
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Measurements or Duration: | 16 pages | ||||
Keywords: | cancer epidemiology, childhood cancer, adolescent and young adult oncology, cancer survivorship | ||||
DOI: | 10.1089/jayao.2020.0151 | ||||
ISSN: | 2156-5333 | ||||
Pure ID: | 75748864 | ||||
Divisions: | Current > Research Centres > Design Lab Current > Research Centres > Centre for Healthcare Transformation Current > Research Centres > Cancer and Palliative Care Outcomes Centre Current > QUT Faculties and Divisions > Faculty of Creative Industries, Education & Social Justice Current > QUT Faculties and Divisions > Faculty of Health Current > Schools > School of Nursing |
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Copyright Owner: | 2020 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. | ||||
Copyright Statement: | This work is covered by copyright. Unless the document is being made available under a Creative Commons Licence, you must assume that re-use is limited to personal use and that permission from the copyright owner must be obtained for all other uses. If the document is available under a Creative Commons License (or other specified license) then refer to the Licence for details of permitted re-use. It is a condition of access that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. If you believe that this work infringes copyright please provide details by email to qut.copyright@qut.edu.au | ||||
Deposited On: | 03 Mar 2021 06:03 | ||||
Last Modified: | 29 Feb 2024 19:17 |
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