Overview of the use of applied biomechanics for evidence-based training of elite seated throwers

Background Research in biomechanics is one method available to improve the understanding of the performance of elite seated throwers, which depends on the interaction between the design of the athletes’ throwing frame and their throwing technique. The main purpose of this paper is to provide an outlook on the two approaches currently underlying this research. The specific objectives are: - To describe the procedure, outcomes and limitations of the conventional approach, based on fundamental research, - To present the innovations and dynamic research procedure of an integrated approach based on applied research. Methods This research has been endeavoured by a multi-disciplinary team working together since 2000, from Athletics Australia (AA), the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) and Queensland University of Technology (QUT). This approach relies on the integration of biomechanics within an evidence-based training framework. This approach required collecting scientific data in experimental conditions as well as during training sessions and real-event such as the World Championships and Paralympic Games. This data included essentially video recording with multiple camera view setup at 25 Hz. Outcomes This approach appeared particularly relevant to assist in the decisions made around the modification of the throwing technique and the throwing chair. A specific emphasis will be placed on the work conducted around the foot placement of F33/34 throwers during the presentation. The outcomes could also be useful for a number of participants to the seated throwing event, including: - Classifiers aiming to divide athletes accordingly to their functional level - Coaches responsible for a young talent identification program, - Decision makers determining the rules (e.g. characteristics of throwing chair), - Educators determining curricula for coaches,