?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Examining+the+effects+of+an+eco-driving+system+on+driver+distraction&rft.creator=Rouzikhah%2C+Hossein&rft.subject=driver+distration%2C+in-vehicle+devices%2C+navigation+systems%2C+eco-driving&rft.description=Driver+distraction+has+recently+been+defined+by+Regan+as+%22the+diversion+of+attention+away+from+activities+critical+for+safe+driving+toward+a+competing+activity%2C+which+may+result+in+insufficient+or+no+attention+to+activities+critical+for+safe+driving+(Regan%2C+Hallett+%26+Gordon%2C+2011%2C+p.1780)%22.+One+source+of+distraction+is+in-vehicle+devices%2C+even+though+they+might+provide+other+benefits%2C+e.g.+navigation+systems.+Currently%2C+eco-driving+systems+have+been+growing+rapidly+in+popularity.+These+systems+send+messages+to+drivers+so+that+driving+performance+can+be+improved+in+terms+of+fuel+efficiency.+However%2C+there+remain+unanswered+questions+about+whether+eco-driving+systems+endanger+drivers+by+distracting+them.+In+this+research%2C+the+CARRS-Q+advanced+driving+simulator+was+used+in+order+to+provide+safety+for+participants+and+meanwhile+simulate+real+world+driving.+The+distraction+effects+of+tasks+involving+three+different+in-vehicle+systems+were+investigated%3A+changing+a+CD%2C+entering+a+five+digit+number+as+a+part+of+navigation+task+and+responding+to+an+eco-driving+task.+Driving+in+these+scenarios+was+compared+with+driving+in+the+absence+of+these+distractions%2C+and+while+drivers+engaged+in+critical+manoeuvres.+In+order+to+account+for+practice+effects%2C+the+same+scenarios+were+duplicated+on+a+second+day.+The+three+in-vehicle+systems+were+not+the+exact+facsimiles+of+any+particular+existing+system%2C+but+were+designed+to+have+similar+characteristics+to+those+of+system+available.%0D%0A%0D%0AIn+general%2C+the+results+show+that+drivers%E2%80%99+mental+workloads+are+significantly+higher+in+navigation+and+CD+changing+scenarios+in+comparison+to+the+two+other+scenarios%2C+which+implies+that+these+two+tasks+impose+more+visual%2Fmanual+and+cognitive+demands.+However%2C+eco-driving+mental+workload+is+still+high+enough+to+be+called+marginally+significant+(p+~+.05)+across+manoeuvres.+Similarly%2C+event+detection+tasks+show+that+drivers+miss+significantly+more+events+in+the+navigation+and+CD+changing+scenarios+in+comparison+to+both+the+baseline+and+eco-driving+scenario+across+manoeuvres.%0D%0A%0D%0AAnalysis+of+the+practice+effect+shows+that+drivers%E2%80%99+baseline+scenario+and+navigation+scenario+exhibit+significantly+less+demand+on+the+second+day.+However%2C+the+number+of+missed+events+across+manoeuvres+confirmed+that+drivers+can+detect+significantly+more+events+on+the+second+day+for+all+scenarios.%0D%0A%0D%0ADistraction+was+also+examined+separately+for+five+groups+of+manoeuvres+(straight%2C+lane+changing%2C+overtaking%2C+braking+for+intersections+and+braking+for+roundabouts)%2C+in+two+locations+for+each+condition.+Repeated+measures+mixed+ANOVA+results+show+that+reading+an+eco-driving+message+can+potentially+impair+driving+performance.+When+comparing+the+three+in%E2%80%93vehicle+distractions+tested%2C+attending+to+an+eco-driving+message+is+similar+in+effect+to+the+CD+changing+task.+The+navigation+task+degraded+driver+performance+much+more+than+these+other+sources+of+distraction.%0D%0A%0D%0AIn+lane+changing+manoeuvres%2C+drivers%E2%80%99+missed+response+counts+degraded+when+they+engaged+in+reading+eco-driving+messages+at+the+first+location.+However%2C+drivers%E2%80%99+event+detection+abilities+deteriorated+less+at+the+second+lane+changing+location.+In+baseline+manoeuvres+(driving+straight)%2C+participants%E2%80%99+mean+minimum+speed+degraded+more+in+the+CD+changing+scenario.+Drivers%E2%80%99+lateral+position+shifted+more+in+both+CD+changing+and+navigation+tasks+in+comparison+with+both+eco-driving+and+baseline+scenarios%2C+so+they+were+more+visually+distracting.+Participants+were+better+at+event+detection+in+baseline+manoeuvres+in+comparison+with+other+manoeuvres.+When+approaching+an+intersection%2C+the+navigation+task+caused+more+events+to+be+missed+by+participants%2C+whereas+eco-driving+messages+seemed+to+make+drivers+less+distracted.+The+eco-driving+message+scenario+was+significantly+less+distracting+than+the+navigation+system+scenario+(fewer+missed+responses)+when+participants+commenced+braking+for+roundabouts.%0D%0A%0D%0ATo+sum+up%2C+in+spite+of+the+finding+that+two+other+in-vehicle+tasks+are+more+distracting+than+the+eco-driving+task%2C+the+results+indicate+that+even+reading+a+simple+message+while+driving+could+potentially+lead+to+missing+an+important+event%2C+especially+when+executing+critical+manoeuvres.+This+suggests+that+in-vehicle+eco-driving+systems+have+the+potential+to+contribute+to+increased+crash+risk+through+distraction.+However%2C+there+is+some+evidence+of+a+practice+effect+which+suggests+that+future+research+should+focus+on+performance+with+habitual+rather+than+novel+tasks.+It+is+recommended+that+eco-driving+messages+be+delivered+to+drivers+off-line+when+possible.&rft.publisher=Queensland+University+of+Technology&rft.date=2012&rft.type=Thesis&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Feprints.qut.edu.au%2F59475%2F1%2FRouzikhah_Hossein_Thesis.pdf&rft.rights=free_to_read&rft.relation=Rouzikhah%2C+Hossein+(2012)+Examining+the+effects+of+an+eco-driving+system+on+driver+distraction.+Masters+by+Research+thesis%2C+Queensland+University+of+Technology.&rft.id_number=https%3A%2F%2Feprints.qut.edu.au%2F59475%2F&rft.identifier=Centre+for+Future+Mobility%2FCARRSQ